The Nexus Between Remittances and Environmental Sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does the Moderating Role of Private Investment and Institutional Quality Matter?
Keywords:
Remittances, Private Investment, Institutional Quality, Ecological Footprint, Sub-Saharan Africa, GMM.Abstract
Using ecological footprint as a general index of environmental degradation, this study examines the effects of remittances, private investment, and institutional quality on environmental sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa. In order to handle possible endogeneity and unobserved heterogeneity, the study uses the System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) on panel data from 31 nations between 2011 and 2020. The Heritage Foundation, World Development Indicators, and the Global Footprint Network provided the data. Based on the findings, remittances, private investment, and institutional quality are associated with a significant reduction in ecological footprint, suggesting that when effectively utilized, they can contribute to improved environmental outcomes. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory is also supported by the study, which shows a nonlinear link between regional environmental degradation and economic growth. These results highlight the significance of integrated policy frameworks that support environmentally conscious investment, enhance institutional governance, and foster sustainable financial flows. By aligning economic development strategies with environmental goals, sub-Saharan African countries can foster ecological resilience and support long-term sustainable development.
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